Skip to content
Centers
Menu Toggle
Center for Sports & Fitness
Center for AI, Digital Arts & Creative Design
Center for Entrepreneurial Impact (CEI)Â
360° Virtual Tour
Library
QEC
Menu Toggle
Introduction
Vision and Mission
Scope
Tasks – Accreditations, SARs, Evaluation Pro Formas
Performance Evaluation​
Menu Toggle
IPE QAA Team Visit of SHU
Compliance Implementation Plan (CIP)
Monitoring & Evaluation Unit
Participation and Achievements
Event Gallery​
Memberships
Ranking​
Menu Toggle
QEC Participation in SDG
SDGs
Team
QEC Survey
Menu Toggle
Student Feedback Surveys
Faculty Feedback Surveys
Alumni Survey
Employer’s Survey
Contact Us
Linkages & Placements
Menu Toggle
About Us
Vision and Mission
Services
Internships & Job Placement
Menu Toggle
Faculty of Biomedical Engineering
Faculty of Information Technology
Faculty of Pharmacy
Faculty of Science
Faculty of Management Science
Job Fair
Final Year Projects
Societies
Menu Toggle
Marketing & Media Society
Event Society
Outreach & PR Society
Character Building Society
Public Speaking Society
Sports Society
Arts & Literature Society
Alumni
Menu Toggle
Graduate Directory
Alumni Survey Form
Alumni Success Stories
Alumni Directory Form
Scholarship & Exchange Opportunities
Contact Us
Portals
Menu Toggle
SHU Aagahi Campus Application
SHU e-Portal
SHU Library (OPAC)
Learning Management
System
SHU Web Portal
SHU Connect
Careers
About
Menu Toggle
About Heading
Menu Toggle
Vision, Mission & Core Values
The Salim Habib Education Foundation
Philosophy
Message from the Life Chairmen
Message from the Chancellor
Board of Governors
Message from the Vice Chancellor
Newsletter
Academics
Menu Toggle
Faculty of Engineering
Menu Toggle
Department of Biomedical Engineering
Faculty of Information Technology
Menu Toggle
Department of Computer Science
Faculty of Management Sciences
Menu Toggle
Department of Business Administration
Department of Social Sciences and Humanities
Department of Accounting and Finance
Department of Psychology
Faculty of Pharmacy
Menu Toggle
Department of Basic Medical Sciences
Department of Cosmetic Sciences
Department of Pharmacognosy
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Department of Pharmacy Practice
Department of Pharmaceutics
Faculty of Science
Menu Toggle
Department of Biosciences
FBS
Menu Toggle
FBS Introduction
Faculties at Fatima Business School
Centers at Fatima Business School
Programs in FBS
Admissions
Menu Toggle
Online Admission Forms
Menu Toggle
Admission Schedule 2025
Apply Now (Undergraduate/MBA)
Apply now (Postgraduate/Doctorate)
Upload Documents
Admission Process
Menu Toggle
Admission Process
Admission Process MBA Program
Merit List
Scholarships & Financial Aid
Tuition & Fees
Campus Tour
Menu Toggle
360° Virtual Tour
Plan a campus tour
ORIC
Menu Toggle
Oric Heading
Menu Toggle
Introduction
Research
Menu Toggle
SHU Research Grant
Funding Agencies
Article Publication Charges
Cash Incentive on Research Publication
Best University Researcher Award
Best Student Researcher Award
Final Year Projects
Faculty-wise Publication Record
Menu Toggle
ORIC-Faculty of Engineering
ORIC-Faculty of Information Technology
ORIC-Faculty of Sciences
ORIC-Faculty of Management Sciences
ORIC-Faculty of Pharmacy
Innovation
Commercialization
Institutional Bodies
Achievements
News & Events
Faculty
Menu Toggle
Faculty Heading
Menu Toggle
Deans
Chairpersons
Professors
Associate Professors
Assistant Professors
Lecturers
Teaching Associates
Teaching Assistants
Student Affairs
Menu Toggle
Life at SHU
Menu Toggle
Introduction to Life at SHU
Modern Infrastructure
State-of-the-Art Labs
Cafeteria
Center of Learning & Teaching
Gallery
IEEE Student Branch
Departmental Societies
SHU Media Hub
Menu Toggle
News
Social Hub
Student Services
Resources & Downloads
Menu Toggle
Course Withdrawal Form
Proforma to Apply for Final Transcript
Proforma to Apply for Interim Transcript
Library Membership Form (Faculty/Staff)
Library Membership Form (Students)
Financial Aid Form
Student Handbook
Prospectus
Academic Schedule
Menu Toggle
Academic Calendar (Weekend Program) Spring 2025
Academic Calendar Spring 2025
Academic Calendar M.Phil. and Ph.D. program Spring 2025
High Achievers
Menu Toggle
Dean’s Honor List
VC’s Honor List
MEDALISTS
SOP-Verification of Degree/Transcript
SHU Graduates Verification
Events
Programs
Menu Toggle
Certificates & Diplomas
Menu Toggle
Certification Programs in Media & Creative Arts (4 Months)
Certification Programs in Sports & Fitness (4 Months)
Diploma Programs in Media & Creative Arts (1 Year)
Diploma Program in Sports & Fitness (1 Year)
Undergraduate Programs
Menu Toggle
BS Robotics and Intelligent Systems
BS Software Engineering
BS Computer Science
BS Cosmetic Sciences
Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm-D)
BS Biotechnology
BS Microbiology
BS Biosciences
BE Biomedical Engineering
Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA)
Bachelor of Fine Arts
BS Accounting & Finance
BS Actuarial Science & Risk Management
BS AI, Digital Arts & Creative Design
BS Business Analytics
BS Content Creation for Digital Media
‎‎‎‎‎‎‎‎ㅤ
Menu Toggle
BS Fintech
BS Psychology
BS Supply Chain Management
BS Sports & Fitness
BS TV & Film Production
Associate Degree in Sports & Fitness
Associate Degree in Content Creation for Digtial Media
Associate Degree in TV & Film Production
Associate Degree in AI, Digital Arts & Creative Design
Postgraduate Programs
Menu Toggle
Master of Business Administration (MBA)
MS Computer Science
ME Biomedical Engineering
M.Phil. Pharmacology
M.Phil. Biosciences
Masters in AI, Digital Arts & Creative Design
Postgraduate Diploma in TV & Film Production
MS Management Sciences
Postgraduate Diploma in AI, Digital Arts & Creative Design
Postgraduate Diploma in Sports & Fitness
Doctorate Programs
Menu Toggle
Ph.D. Management Sciences
Ph.D. Biosciences
Ph.D. in Pharmacology
Ph.D. Computer Science
Ph.D. Biomedical Engineering
Apply Now
Apply Now
Main Menu
About
Menu Toggle
About Heading
Menu Toggle
Vision, Mission & Core Values
The Salim Habib Education Foundation
Philosophy
Message from the Life Chairmen
Message from the Chancellor
Board of Governors
Message from the Vice Chancellor
Newsletter
Academics
Menu Toggle
Faculty of Engineering
Menu Toggle
Department of Biomedical Engineering
Faculty of Information Technology
Menu Toggle
Department of Computer Science
Faculty of Management Sciences
Menu Toggle
Department of Business Administration
Department of Social Sciences and Humanities
Department of Accounting and Finance
Department of Psychology
Faculty of Pharmacy
Menu Toggle
Department of Basic Medical Sciences
Department of Cosmetic Sciences
Department of Pharmacognosy
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Department of Pharmacy Practice
Department of Pharmaceutics
Faculty of Science
Menu Toggle
Department of Biosciences
FBS
Menu Toggle
FBS Introduction
Faculties at Fatima Business School
Centers at Fatima Business School
Programs in FBS
Admissions
Menu Toggle
Online Admission Forms
Menu Toggle
Admission Schedule 2025
Apply Now (Undergraduate/MBA)
Apply now (Postgraduate/Doctorate)
Upload Documents
Admission Process
Menu Toggle
Admission Process
Admission Process MBA Program
Merit List
Scholarships & Financial Aid
Tuition & Fees
Campus Tour
Menu Toggle
360° Virtual Tour
Plan a campus tour
ORIC
Menu Toggle
Oric Heading
Menu Toggle
Introduction
Research
Menu Toggle
SHU Research Grant
Funding Agencies
Article Publication Charges
Cash Incentive on Research Publication
Best University Researcher Award
Best Student Researcher Award
Final Year Projects
Faculty-wise Publication Record
Menu Toggle
ORIC-Faculty of Engineering
ORIC-Faculty of Information Technology
ORIC-Faculty of Sciences
ORIC-Faculty of Management Sciences
ORIC-Faculty of Pharmacy
Innovation
Commercialization
Institutional Bodies
Achievements
News & Events
Faculty
Menu Toggle
Faculty Heading
Menu Toggle
Deans
Chairpersons
Professors
Associate Professors
Assistant Professors
Lecturers
Teaching Associates
Teaching Assistants
Student Affairs
Menu Toggle
Life at SHU
Menu Toggle
Introduction to Life at SHU
Modern Infrastructure
State-of-the-Art Labs
Cafeteria
Center of Learning & Teaching
Gallery
IEEE Student Branch
Departmental Societies
SHU Media Hub
Menu Toggle
News
Social Hub
Student Services
Resources & Downloads
Menu Toggle
Course Withdrawal Form
Proforma to Apply for Final Transcript
Proforma to Apply for Interim Transcript
Library Membership Form (Faculty/Staff)
Library Membership Form (Students)
Financial Aid Form
Student Handbook
Prospectus
Academic Schedule
Menu Toggle
Academic Calendar (Weekend Program) Spring 2025
Academic Calendar Spring 2025
Academic Calendar M.Phil. and Ph.D. program Spring 2025
High Achievers
Menu Toggle
Dean’s Honor List
VC’s Honor List
MEDALISTS
SOP-Verification of Degree/Transcript
SHU Graduates Verification
Events
Programs
Menu Toggle
Certificates & Diplomas
Menu Toggle
Certification Programs in Media & Creative Arts (4 Months)
Certification Programs in Sports & Fitness (4 Months)
Diploma Programs in Media & Creative Arts (1 Year)
Diploma Program in Sports & Fitness (1 Year)
Undergraduate Programs
Menu Toggle
BS Robotics and Intelligent Systems
BS Software Engineering
BS Computer Science
BS Cosmetic Sciences
Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm-D)
BS Biotechnology
BS Microbiology
BS Biosciences
BE Biomedical Engineering
Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA)
Bachelor of Fine Arts
BS Accounting & Finance
BS Actuarial Science & Risk Management
BS AI, Digital Arts & Creative Design
BS Business Analytics
BS Content Creation for Digital Media
‎‎‎‎‎‎‎‎ㅤ
Menu Toggle
BS Fintech
BS Psychology
BS Supply Chain Management
BS Sports & Fitness
BS TV & Film Production
Associate Degree in Sports & Fitness
Associate Degree in Content Creation for Digtial Media
Associate Degree in TV & Film Production
Associate Degree in AI, Digital Arts & Creative Design
Postgraduate Programs
Menu Toggle
Master of Business Administration (MBA)
MS Computer Science
ME Biomedical Engineering
M.Phil. Pharmacology
M.Phil. Biosciences
Masters in AI, Digital Arts & Creative Design
Postgraduate Diploma in TV & Film Production
MS Management Sciences
Postgraduate Diploma in AI, Digital Arts & Creative Design
Postgraduate Diploma in Sports & Fitness
Doctorate Programs
Menu Toggle
Ph.D. Management Sciences
Ph.D. Biosciences
Ph.D. in Pharmacology
Ph.D. Computer Science
Ph.D. Biomedical Engineering
Apply Now
Apply Now
Main Menu
News
Search
Webinar on scope of Biomedical Engineering
August 5, 2020
Read More
Eid Mubarak
August 1, 2020
Read More
Congratulations students of FederalBoard
July 30, 2020
Read More
Hepatitis Day
July 28, 2020
Read More
Biomedical engineering Assessments
July 21, 2020
Read More
Monday Motivation Thoughts
July 20, 2020
Read More
Monday Motivation Thoughts
July 13, 2020
Read More
Monday Motivation Thoughts
July 6, 2020
Read More
Kashmir Solidarity Day Walk
July 2, 2020
Read More
Monday Motivation Thoughts
June 29, 2020
Read More
Page
1
…
Page
108
Page
109
Page
110
Page
111
Page
112
…
Page
121
About
Menu Toggle
Vision Mission Core Values
The Salim Habib Education Foundation
Philosophy
Message from the Life Chairmen
Message from the Chancellor
Board of Governors
Message from the Vice Chancellor
Newsletter
Annual Expenditure
Menu Toggle
Year 2019 – 20
Year 2020 – 21
Year 2021 – 22
Year 2022 – 23
Academics
Menu Toggle
Academics/faculty
Menu Toggle
Faculty of Engineering
Faculty of Information Technology
Faculty of Management Sciences
Faculty of Pharmacy
Faculty of Science
FBS
Menu Toggle
FBS-Introduction
Faculties at Fatima Business School
Centers at Fatima Business School
Programs in FBS
Admissions
Menu Toggle
Apply Now
Menu Toggle
Admission Schedule 2025
Apply Now (Undergraduate/MBA)
Apply now (Postgraduate/Doctorate)
Upload Documents
Admission Process
Menu Toggle
Admission Process
Admission Process MBA Program
Merit List
Scholarships & Financial Aid
Tuition & Fees
Campus Tour
Menu Toggle
360° Virtual Tour
Plan a campus tour
Faculty
Menu Toggle
Faculty
Menu Toggle
Deans
Chairpersons
Professors
Associate Professors
Assistant Professors
Lecturers
Teaching Associates
Teaching Assistants
Student Affairs
Menu Toggle
Life at SHU
Menu Toggle
Introduction to Life at SHU
Modern Infrastructure
State-of-the-Art Labs
Cafeteria
Center of Learning & Teaching
Gallery
IEEE Student Branch
Departmental Societies
SHU Media Hub
Menu Toggle
News
Social Hub
Student Services
Resources & Downloads
Menu Toggle
Course Withdrawal Form
Proforma to Apply for Final Transcript
Proforma to Apply for Interim Transcript
Library Membership Form (Faculty/Staff)
Library Membership Form (Students)
Financial Aid Form
Student Handbook
Prospectus
Academic Schedule
Menu Toggle
Academic Calendar (Weekend Program) Spring 2025
Academic Calendar Spring 2025
High Achievers
Menu Toggle
Dean’s Honor List
VC’s Honor List
MEDALISTS
SOP-Verification of Degree/Transcript
SHU Graduates Verification
Events
Programs
Menu Toggle
Certificates & Diplomas
Menu Toggle
Certification Programs in Media & Creative Arts (4 Months)
Certification Programs in Sports & Fitness (4 Months)
Diploma Programs in Media & Creative Arts (1 Year)
Diploma Program in Sports & Fitness (1 Year)
Undergraduate Programs
Menu Toggle
BS Robotics and Intelligent Systems
BS Software Engineering
BS Computer Science
BS Cosmetic Sciences
Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm-D)
BS Biotechnology
BS Microbiology
BS Biosciences
BE Biomedical Engineering
Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA)
Bachelor of Fine Arts
BS Accounting & Finance
BS Actuarial Science & Risk Management
BS AI, Digital Arts & Creative Design
BS Business Analytics
BS Content Creation for Digital Media
BS Fintech
BS Psychology
BS Supply Chain Management
BS Sports & Fitness
BS TV & Film Production
Associate Degree in Sports & Fitness
Associate Degree in Content Creation for Digtial Media
Associate Degree in TV & Film Production
Associate Degree in AI, Digital Arts & Creative Design
Postgraduate Programs
Menu Toggle
Master of Business Administration (MBA)
MS Computer Science
ME Biomedical Engineering
M.Phil. Pharmacology
M.Phil. Biosciences
Masters in AI, Digital Arts & Creative Design
Postgraduate Diploma in TV & Film Production
MS Management Sciences
Postgraduate Diploma in AI, Digital Arts & Creative Design
Postgraduate Diploma in Sports & Fitness
Doctorate Programs
Menu Toggle
Ph.D. Management Sciences
Ph.D. Biosciences
Ph.D. in Pharmacology
Ph.D. Computer Science
Ph.D. Biomedical Engineering
Library
QEC
Menu Toggle
Introduction
Vision and Mission
Scope
Tasks – Accreditations, SARs, Evaluation Pro Formas
Performance Evaluation​
Menu Toggle
IPE QAA Team Visit of SHU
Compliance Implementation Plan (CIP)
Monitoring & Evaluation Unit
Participation and Achievements
Event Gallery​
Memberships
Ranking​
Menu Toggle
QEC Participation in SDG
SDGs
Team
QEC Survey
Menu Toggle
Student Feedback Surveys
Faculty Feedback Surveys
Alumni Survey
Employer’s Survey
Contact Us
Linkage & Placement
Menu Toggle
About Us
Vision and Mission
Services
Internships & Job Placement
Menu Toggle
Faculty of Biomedical Engineering
Faculty of Information Technology
Faculty of Pharmacy
Faculty of Science
Faculty of Management Science
Job Fair
Final Year Project
Society
Menu Toggle
Arts & Literature Society
Character Building Society
Corporate Social Responsibility Society
Event Society
Marketing & Media Society
Outreach & PR Society
Public Speaking Society
Sports Society
Alumni
Menu Toggle
Graduate Directory
Alumni Survey Form
Alumni Success Stories
Alumni Directory Form
Events
Scholarship & Exchange Opportunities
Contact Us
Portals
Menu Toggle
SHU Aagahi Campus Application
SHU e-Portal
SHU Library (OPAC)
Learning Management System
SHU Web Portal
SHU Connect
Careers
ORIC
Menu Toggle
Oric Heading
Menu Toggle
Introduction
Research
Menu Toggle
SHU Research Grant
Funding Agencies
Article Publication Charges
Cash Incentive on Research Publication
Best University Researcher Award
Best Student Researcher Award
Final Year Projects
Faculty-wise Publication Record
Menu Toggle
ORIC-Faculty of Engineering
ORIC-Faculty of Information Technology
ORIC-Faculty of Sciences
ORIC-Faculty of Management Sciences
ORIC-Faculty of Pharmacy
Innovation
Commercialization
Institutional Bodies
Achievements
News & Events
360° Virtual Tour
Centers
Menu Toggle
Center of Sport and Fitness
Center of Digital Arts and Creative Design
Center for Entrepreneurial Impact (CEI)Â
Apply Now
Apply Now
About
Menu Toggle
Vision Mission Core Values
The Salim Habib Education Foundation
Philosophy
Message from the Life Chairmen
Message from the Chancellor
Board of Governors
Message from the Vice Chancellor
Newsletter
Annual Expenditure
Menu Toggle
Year 2019 – 20
Year 2020 – 21
Year 2021 – 22
Year 2022 – 23
Academics
Menu Toggle
Academics/faculty
Menu Toggle
Faculty of Engineering
Faculty of Information Technology
Faculty of Management Sciences
Faculty of Pharmacy
Faculty of Science
FBS
Menu Toggle
FBS-Introduction
Faculties at Fatima Business School
Centers at Fatima Business School
Programs in FBS
Admissions
Menu Toggle
Apply Now
Menu Toggle
Admission Schedule 2025
Apply Now (Undergraduate/MBA)
Apply now (Postgraduate/Doctorate)
Upload Documents
Admission Process
Menu Toggle
Admission Process
Admission Process MBA Program
Merit List
Scholarships & Financial Aid
Tuition & Fees
Campus Tour
Menu Toggle
360° Virtual Tour
Plan a campus tour
Faculty
Menu Toggle
Faculty
Menu Toggle
Deans
Chairpersons
Professors
Associate Professors
Assistant Professors
Lecturers
Teaching Associates
Teaching Assistants
Student Affairs
Menu Toggle
Life at SHU
Menu Toggle
Introduction to Life at SHU
Modern Infrastructure
State-of-the-Art Labs
Cafeteria
Center of Learning & Teaching
Gallery
IEEE Student Branch
Departmental Societies
SHU Media Hub
Menu Toggle
News
Social Hub
Student Services
Resources & Downloads
Menu Toggle
Course Withdrawal Form
Proforma to Apply for Final Transcript
Proforma to Apply for Interim Transcript
Library Membership Form (Faculty/Staff)
Library Membership Form (Students)
Financial Aid Form
Student Handbook
Prospectus
Academic Schedule
Menu Toggle
Academic Calendar (Weekend Program) Spring 2025
Academic Calendar Spring 2025
High Achievers
Menu Toggle
Dean’s Honor List
VC’s Honor List
MEDALISTS
SOP-Verification of Degree/Transcript
SHU Graduates Verification
Events
Programs
Menu Toggle
Certificates & Diplomas
Menu Toggle
Certification Programs in Media & Creative Arts (4 Months)
Certification Programs in Sports & Fitness (4 Months)
Diploma Programs in Media & Creative Arts (1 Year)
Diploma Program in Sports & Fitness (1 Year)
Undergraduate Programs
Menu Toggle
BS Robotics and Intelligent Systems
BS Software Engineering
BS Computer Science
BS Cosmetic Sciences
Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm-D)
BS Biotechnology
BS Microbiology
BS Biosciences
BE Biomedical Engineering
Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA)
Bachelor of Fine Arts
BS Accounting & Finance
BS Actuarial Science & Risk Management
BS AI, Digital Arts & Creative Design
BS Business Analytics
BS Content Creation for Digital Media
BS Fintech
BS Psychology
BS Supply Chain Management
BS Sports & Fitness
BS TV & Film Production
Associate Degree in Sports & Fitness
Associate Degree in Content Creation for Digtial Media
Associate Degree in TV & Film Production
Associate Degree in AI, Digital Arts & Creative Design
Postgraduate Programs
Menu Toggle
Master of Business Administration (MBA)
MS Computer Science
ME Biomedical Engineering
M.Phil. Pharmacology
M.Phil. Biosciences
Masters in AI, Digital Arts & Creative Design
Postgraduate Diploma in TV & Film Production
MS Management Sciences
Postgraduate Diploma in AI, Digital Arts & Creative Design
Postgraduate Diploma in Sports & Fitness
Doctorate Programs
Menu Toggle
Ph.D. Management Sciences
Ph.D. Biosciences
Ph.D. in Pharmacology
Ph.D. Computer Science
Ph.D. Biomedical Engineering
Library
QEC
Menu Toggle
Introduction
Vision and Mission
Scope
Tasks – Accreditations, SARs, Evaluation Pro Formas
Performance Evaluation​
Menu Toggle
IPE QAA Team Visit of SHU
Compliance Implementation Plan (CIP)
Monitoring & Evaluation Unit
Participation and Achievements
Event Gallery​
Memberships
Ranking​
Menu Toggle
QEC Participation in SDG
SDGs
Team
QEC Survey
Menu Toggle
Student Feedback Surveys
Faculty Feedback Surveys
Alumni Survey
Employer’s Survey
Contact Us
Linkage & Placement
Menu Toggle
About Us
Vision and Mission
Services
Internships & Job Placement
Menu Toggle
Faculty of Biomedical Engineering
Faculty of Information Technology
Faculty of Pharmacy
Faculty of Science
Faculty of Management Science
Job Fair
Final Year Project
Society
Menu Toggle
Arts & Literature Society
Character Building Society
Corporate Social Responsibility Society
Event Society
Marketing & Media Society
Outreach & PR Society
Public Speaking Society
Sports Society
Alumni
Menu Toggle
Graduate Directory
Alumni Survey Form
Alumni Success Stories
Alumni Directory Form
Events
Scholarship & Exchange Opportunities
Contact Us
Portals
Menu Toggle
SHU Aagahi Campus Application
SHU e-Portal
SHU Library (OPAC)
Learning Management System
SHU Web Portal
SHU Connect
Careers
ORIC
Menu Toggle
Oric Heading
Menu Toggle
Introduction
Research
Menu Toggle
SHU Research Grant
Funding Agencies
Article Publication Charges
Cash Incentive on Research Publication
Best University Researcher Award
Best Student Researcher Award
Final Year Projects
Faculty-wise Publication Record
Menu Toggle
ORIC-Faculty of Engineering
ORIC-Faculty of Information Technology
ORIC-Faculty of Sciences
ORIC-Faculty of Management Sciences
ORIC-Faculty of Pharmacy
Innovation
Commercialization
Institutional Bodies
Achievements
News & Events
360° Virtual Tour
Centers
Menu Toggle
Center of Sport and Fitness
Center of Digital Arts and Creative Design
Center for Entrepreneurial Impact (CEI)Â
Start typing and press enter to search
Search...
Scroll to Top
Apply for Admission
X
